Why are infants under six months particularly vulnerable to nitrites?

• A. They have higher dietary needs
• B. Their kidneys are not fully developed
• C. They are more exposed to contaminated water
• D. They are more susceptible to infections

Answer: (B)

Infants under six months are particularly vulnerable to nitrites primarily because their kidneys are not fully developed. This immaturity affects their ability to filter and excrete certain substances effectively, including nitrites. Nitrites can interfere with the blood's ability to transport oxygen, leading to a condition known as methemoglobinemia, which is especially dangerous for young infants.

In particular, the immature kidneys of infants mean they have a reduced capacity to handle high levels of metabolic byproducts and toxins. This physiological characteristic enhances the risk associated with exposure to nitrites, especially from sources such as contaminated water or improperly prepared foods. Understanding this vulnerability is crucial in assessing health risks and ensuring safe dietary practices for infants.