Which of the following best describes Vibrio parahaemolyticus?

• A. A viral pathogen
• B. A bacterial pathogen
• C. A parasitic pathogen
• D. A fungal pathogen

Answer: (B)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a well-documented bacterial pathogen, primarily associated with foodborne illness. It is a halophilic (salt-loving) bacterium commonly found in marine environments, particularly in warm coastal waters. The main route of transmission to humans is through the consumption of contaminated seafood, particularly raw or undercooked shellfish, such as oysters.

This organism is noted for causing gastroenteritis characterized by symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and occasionally fever. Understanding that Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a bacterial pathogen is crucial for implementing proper food safety practices and ensuring that seafood is properly handled and cooked, particularly in regions with higher incidences of this pathogen.

The other options refer to different types of pathogens that do not apply in this context. Viruses typically cause different types of infectious diseases and have different transmission mechanisms compared to bacteria. Parasitic pathogens, such as protozoa or worms, also differ in their life cycles and disease manifestations. Fungal pathogens primarily lead to mycotic infections, which are distinct from the illnesses caused by bacterial infections like those from Vibrio parahaemolyticus.