What does turbidity measure in water?

• A. The temperature of the water
• B. The concentration of minerals
• C. The clarity of the water indicating suspended solids
• D. The presence of pathogens in water

Answer: (C)

Turbidity specifically measures the clarity of water by quantifying the amount of suspended solids present. When particles—such as silt, sediment, algae, or other materials—are suspended in water, they scatter light, making the water appear cloudy or murky. High turbidity levels can indicate a higher concentration of these particles, which can negatively affect aquatic life and drinking water quality. Additionally, increased turbidity can hinder the effectiveness of disinfection processes since pathogens may be shielded by particles, complicating efforts to ensure water safety. This measurement is essential for water quality assessments in environmental health, as it is directly related to the physical and biological health of aquatic ecosystems and public safety in drinking water sources.